Northern Water Snake Nerodia sipedon sipedon

Identification
This species has dark crossbands near the head that transition into alternating blotches toward the tail. Its keeled scales and robust body give it a textured appearance.

Location
Common statewide

Size
24 to 55 inches

Diet
It feeds primarily on fish and amphibians and captures prey through both ambush and active pursuit. It swallows prey alive and contributes to aquatic ecosystem balance.

Habitat
It is found in nearly every aquatic habitat in Ohio including Lake Erie tributaries and inland reservoirs.

Activity Period
April to October

Behavior
It is an active diurnal snake that basks frequently and flees quickly into water when disturbed. It may behave defensively when handled but is not dangerous. It is most active in warm months and basks heavily in spring and autumn.

Lifecycle
Mating occurs in spring and females give birth to live young in late summer. Litters may be large and the young are independent immediately.

Population
The population is stable and abundant though often persecuted due to misidentification.

History
It has long been common in Ohio and is frequently mentioned in early natural history accounts.

Human Interactions
It is harmless but may bite defensively when handled. It is frequently encountered by anglers and boaters.

Facts
It is often mistaken for venomous species despite being harmless.

Sources
ODNR USFWS regional herpetology texts

Fish amphibians aquatic invertebrates | Lakes rivers ponds marshes streams | Statewide near water